Table 3 Controlled Clinical Studies on VAE Treatment in Breast and Gynaecological Cancer: Survival

Randomized controlled trials

Breast

T1a-3, N0, M0

Iscador (38)

14.8

0.65

0.2

0.34–1.25

Grossarth 2006a [52, 53, 135]

None (38)

13.8

IIIA–IIIB

Iscador (17)

6.3

0.46

0.13

0.16–1.31

Grossarth 2001a [59, 135, 166]

None (17)

2.3

T1-3, N0-3, M0, local recurrence

Surgery, radiation^I, Helixor (192)

Not applicable^II

69.1% 5-year survival

0.048

Gutsch 1988 [62]

Surgery, radiation^I, CMF (177)

67.7% 5-year survival

0.025

Surgery, radiation^I (274)

59.7% 5-year survival

Breast, others

All stages

Iscador (39)

3.5 (mean)

0.04

Grossarth 2001b [59]

None (39)

2.5 (mean)

Cervix

IVA-B

Iscador (19)

1.83

0.46

0.12

0.18–1.21

Grossarth 2007c [51]

None (19)

1.92

Uterus

IA-C

Iscador (30)

6.29

0.36

0.014

0.16–0.82

Grossarth 2008a [49]

None (30)

5.17

IVA-B

Iscador (26)

1.5

1

0.99

0.46–2.16

Grossarth 2008b [49]

None (26)

2.0

Ovary

IA–IC

Iscador (21)

6.75

0.40

0.058

0.15–1.03

Grossarth 2007a [50]

None (21)

5.58

IV

Iscador (20)

2.75

0.33

0.033

0.12–0.92

Grossarth 2007b [50]

None (20)

1.58

Non-randomized controlled studies

Breast

T1-3, N0, M0

Iscador (84)^III

11.75

0.42

0.0002

0.27–0.68

Grossarth 2006b [52, 53, 135]

None (84)

10.13

Local recurrence, N0, M0

Iscador (29)^IV

5.17

0.0025

Grossarth 2001b [59, 135]

None (29)

4.33

T1-4, N>1, M0

Iscador (38)^IV

4.04

0.0516

Ø same study

None (38)

3.17

TX, NX, M1

Iscador (53)^IV

3.08

0.0056

Ø same study

None (53)

2.17

I–III

Iscador, (76)

29% alive 1985, after 11–14 years

not shown

Salzer 1987 [66]

Radiation, hormone (79)

24% alive 1985, after 11–14 years

Cervix

IB-IVA

Iscador (102)^III

7.17

0.41

<0.0001

0.27–0.63

Grossarth 2007f [51]

None (102)

5.92

IV

Iscador (66)^III

2.33

0.54

0.015

0.32–0.89

Grossarth 2007g [51]

None (66)

1.83

I–III

Radiation, Iscador (81)

83% 5-year survival

0.05

Fellmer 1966 [67]

Radiation (709)

69% 5-year survival

Uterus

IIIA–IVB

Iscador (95)^III

2.75

0.61

0.023

0.39–0.93

Grossarth 2008c [49]

None (95)

1.67

IA-C

Iscador (103)^III

8.75

0.41

<0.0001

0.26–0.63

Grossarth 2008d [49]

None (103)

6.67

Ovary

IA–IC

Iscador (75)^III

6.83

0.47

0.0002

0.31–0.69

Grossarth 2007d [50]

None (75)

5.83

IV

Iscador (62)^III

1.79

0.62

0.077

0.37–1.05

Grossarth 2007e [50]

None (62)

1.17

Genital

All stages

Surgery^I, radiation^I, Iscador (155)

Disease-specific survival partly improved

not shown

Majewski 1963 [68]

Surgery^I, radiation^I,(not shown)

Retrolective pharmaco-epidemiological cohort studies

Breast

I–III

Conventional therapy, Iscador (710)

0.46

0.038

0.22–0.96

Bock 2004 [70]

Conventional therapy (732)

I–IV

Conventional therapy, Eurixor (219)

No difference observed^V

Schumacher 2003 [71, 72]

Conventional therapy (470)