Table 7 In-vitro Studies on Cytotoxicity of VAE in Human Breast or Gynecological Cancer Cells
Tumour cell | VAE | Result | Â | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer | ||||
MFM-223 | Iscador Qu, M, A Iscador P ML I | IC50 | 0.05–0.12 mg/ml 1.89 mg/ml 38 ng/ml | [22] |
|  | Iscador M, Qu, Abnobaviscum Fr | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.1–1 mg/ml 0.01–1 mg/ml | [81] |
KPL-1 | Iscador Qu, M, A Iscador P ML I | IC50 | 0.1–0.3 mg/ml 1.94 mg/ml 141 ng/ml | [22] |
|  | Iscador M, Qu, Abnobaviscum Fr | Inhibition of proliferation | 1 mg/ml 0,1–1 mg/ml | [81] |
|  | Iscucin® A, M, P, C, Po, T, Qu, S | Cytotoxicity | 0.1 mg/ml | [82] |
|  | Iscador M ML I | No stimulation of cell proliferation | 0.05–5 ng ML/ml 0.01–5 ng/ml | [83] |
MCF-7 | Iscador Qu, M, A Iscador P ML I | IC50 | 0.09–0.12 mg/ml 1.61 mg/ml 410 ng/ml | [22] |
| Â | Lektinol | IC50 | >10 ng ML I/ml | [84] |
| Â | Iscador Qu, M, P (max. 1 or 1.5 mg/ml) | Inhibition of S-phase progression Induction of apoptosis | Â | |
|  | Iscador M Iscador P ML I Iscador Qu | IC50 No influence | 185 μg/ml no activity 0.003 μg/ml 0.0015–15 μg/ml | |
|  | Viscotoxin isoforms (A1, A2, A3, B, 1-PS) Viscotoxin isoform U-PS | GI50 LC50 | 0.02–0.8 μg/ml 0.6 to >1 μg/ml no activity | [90] |
|  | ML I A chain | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.5 μg/ml | [91] |
|  | ML I, ML II, ML III | Inhibition of proliferation | 1–10 ng/ml | [91] |
| Â | TNF & ML I (100 ng/ml) | Potentiation of TNF-cytotoxicity | Â | [92] |
|  | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.003 μg/ml | [93] |
|  | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | > 150 μg/ml 0.086 μg/ml | [94] |
| Â | Iscucin M, P, C, Po, T, Qu, S Iscucin A, Pi | Cytotoxicity | 0.1 mg/ml no activity | [82] |
MCF-7/ADR | Lektinol | IC50 (SRB assay) | 0.3 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
MAXF 401NL | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | 0.66 μg/ml 0.003 μg/ml | [94] |
|  | Iscador M Iscador P ML I Iscador Qu | IC50 >70% growth inhibition | < 3 μg/ml no activity 0.353 E-4 μg/ml 10 μg/ml | |
MAXF 401 | Lektinol | IC50 | < 0.1 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
MAXF 1162 | Lektinol | IC50 | < 0.1 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
MAXF 449 | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.2 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
MAXF MX1 | Lektinol | IC50 | < 0.1 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
MDA-MB-231 | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.7 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
|  | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | 135 μg/ml 0.041 μg/ml | [94] |
MDA-MB-468 | Helixor P ML 1 | IC50 | 47 μg/ml 0.006 μg/ml | [94] |
MDA-MB-486-HER2 | Iscador M | Inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation | 0.5 μg/ml | [95] |
Colo-824 | Iscador M ML I | No stimulation of cell proliferation | 0.05–5 ng ML/ml 0.01–5 ng/ml | [83] |
HCC-1937 | Iscador Qu, M, A Iscador P ML I | IC50 | 0.1 to 0.3 mg/ml 2.14 mg/ml 320 ng/ml | [22] |
| Â | Iscucin A, M, P, C, Po, T, Qu, S | Cytotoxicity | 0.1 mg/ml | [82] |
BT474 | Helixor M, A | Cytotoxicity (WST-1) | Maximum (80 and 100%) with 25 mg/ml | [96] |
Primary breast cancer | Iscador M, Qu Abnobaviscum Fr | Mitochondrial activity (MTT) | 50–80% with 0.1–0.001 mg/ml | [81] |
|  | Abnobaviscum M | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.5–50 μg/ml | [97] |
|  | ML I | Inhibition of proliferation | 1–50 ng/ml | |
T47D | ML I, II, III | IC50 | > 0.1 – 1 ng/ml | [99] |
| Â | ML I A-chain | Inhibition of proliferation | 10 ng/ml | [91] |
BT549 | ML I A-chain | Inhibition of proliferation | 500 ng/ml | [91] |
HBL100 | ML I A-chain | Inhibition of proliferation | 100 ng/ml | [91] |
Breast cancer cells | ML II, ML III, viscotoxins | Cytotoxicity | Â | [100] |
Ovarian cancer | ||||
OVXF 1619L | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | 119 μg/ml 0.100 E-3 μg/ml | [94] |
OVXF 899L | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | >150 μg/ml 0.229 μg/ml | [94] |
SKOV-3 (HER-2 expression) | Recombinant ML I | IC50 Induction of apoptosis | 0.033 ng/ml | [101] |
OVCAR3 | Iscador Qu, M (max. 1 or 1.5 mg/ml) | Inhibition of S-phase progression, Induction of apoptosis | No clear effect | [87] |
OVXF 899 | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.3 E-3 μg/ml | [93] |
OVXF 1353 | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.01 μg/ml | [93] |
OVXF 1023 | Lektinol | IC50 | < 0.1 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
SKOV3 | Lektinol | IC50 | < 0.1 E-4 μg/ml | [93] |
Primary ovarian cancer | Abnobaviscum M | Inhibition of proliferation | 5 μg/ml | [97] |
Uterine cancer | ||||
UXF 1138L | Iscador M Iscador P ML I Iscador Qu | IC50 Growth inhibition >30% | 6.8 μg/ml No activity 0.16 E-4 μg/ml 15 μg/ml | |
UCL SK-UT-1B | Helixor P ML I | IC50 | > 150 μg/ml 0.038 μg/ml | [94] |
SK-UT-1B | Lektinol | IC50 | 0.6–5.5 ng ML I/ml | [84] |
|  | ML I | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.5–500 ng/ml | |
|  | Iscador M ML I | No stimulation of cell proliferation | 0.05–5 ng ML/ml 0.01–5 ng/ml | [83] |
SK-UT-1 | ML I | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.5–500 ng/ml | |
MES-SA | ML I | Inhibition of proliferation | 0.5–500 ng/ml | |
Primary uterus cancer | Abnobaviscum M | Inhibition of proliferation | 5–50 μg/ml | [97] |
Vulvar cancer | ||||
SK-MLS-1 | Lektinol | IC50 | 2 to >5 ng ML I/ml | [84] |
|  | ML I | Inhibition of proliferation: | 0.5–500 ng/ml | |
|  | Iscador M ML I | No stimulation of cell proliferation | 0.05–5 ng ML/ml 0.01–5 ng/ml | [83] |
Cervical cancer | ||||
| Â | HeLa | TNF & ML I (100 ng/ml) | Potentiation of TNF-cytotoxicity | [92] |
|  | ML I | Inhibition of protein synthesis | 100 μg/ml | |
|  | Protein fractions | Complete inhibition of DNA-, RNA-synthesis Proliferation | 1 μg/ml no effect | [104] |
|  | Viscotoxins | IC50 | 0.2–1.7 μg/ml | [105] |
|  | Helixor M | Growth inhibition | ≥ 0.01 mg/ml | [106] |
|  | Isorel® | Cytotoxicity | 30 μg/μl | [107] |
|  | Isorel A, M, P, ML I | Cytotoxicity | > 1 μl/ml > 1 μg/ml | [108] |
|  | Iscador M Helixor M VAE M | LC50 | 16 μg/ml 35,4 μg/ml 3,9 μg/ml | |
|  | Iscador M, Qu Abnobaviscum Fr | Growth inhibition | 0.1–1 mg/ml 0.01 mg/ml | [81] |