Thiazolidinediones enhance vascular endothelial growth factor expression and induce cell growth inhibition in non-small-cell lung cancer cells

Table 1 Relative mRNA expression levels of VEGF-A, its receptors, transcription factor HIF-1α, and transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α.

Troglitazone (μM)		VEGF-A	FLT-1	KDR	NRP-1	HIF-1α	PGC-1α
RERF-LC-AI (Squamous cell carcinoma)	DMSO	1.00 ± 0.28	1.00 ± 0.13	N.D.	1.00 ± 0.03	1.00 ± 0.16	1.00 ± 0.20
	10	1.14 ± 0.08	1.08 ± 0.43		1.00 ± 0.18	1.24 ± 0.31	0.95 ± 0.20
	50	1.39 ± 0.42	0.97 ± 0.48		1.03 ± 0.45	1.27 ± 0.23	0.82 ± 0.05
	100	4.26 ± 0.74 **	1.23 ± 0.18		5.79 ± 0.48***	1.35 ± 0.26	0.92 ± 0.10
SK-MES-1 (Squamous cell carcinoma)	DMSO	1.00 ± 0.06	N.D.	1.00 ± 0.24	1.00 ± 0.04	1.00 ± 0.23	1.00 ± 0.41
	10	1.21 ± 0.17		1.29 ± 0.26	1.09 ± 0.11	1.40 ± 0.66	1.00 ± 0.26
	50	1.81 ± 0.18**		0.60 ± 0.05	1.07 ± 0.04	3.07 ± 0.32***	1.09 ± 0.22
	100	3.34 ± 0.16***		0.49 ± 0.15*	1.42 ± 0.06***	3.13 ± 0.11***	0.85 ± 0.06
PC-14 (Adenocarcinoma)	DMSO	1.00 ± 0.07	N.D.	N.D.	1.00 ± 0.05	1.00 ± 0.05	N.D.
	10	1.13 ± 0.12			0.98 ± 0.11	1.29 ± 0.09**
	50	1.80 ± 0.08			1.29 ± 0.47	1.39 ± 0.08**
	100	4.18 ± 0.21***			1.68 ± 0.24*	1.35 ± 0.09**
A549 (Adenocarcinoma)	DMSO	1.00 ± 0.05	N.D.	N.D.	1.00 ± 0.12	1.00 ± 0.23	1.00 ± 0.10
	10	1.06 ± 0.11			0.89 ± 0.05	1.40 ± 0.66	1.16 ± 0.28
	50	1.90 ± 0.32***			1.35 ± 0.42	3.07 ± 0.32***	1.95 ± 0.44**
	100	2.10 ± 0.16***			1.04 ± 0.12	3.13 ± 0.11***	1.36 ± 0.06

Data were normalized relative to the level of 18S rRNA, and expressed as mean (SD) of 3 experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. vehicle control.

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