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Table 1 Alcoholic strength and acetaldehyde content of alcoholic beverages and the resulting salivary acetaldehyde concentrations

From: Short-term salivary acetaldehyde increase due to direct exposure to alcoholic beverages as an additional cancer risk factor beyond ethanol metabolism

    

Salivary acetaldehyde [μM]a

Alcoholic beverage

Alcoholic strength

[% vol]

Acetaldehydeb

[μM]

Number of assessorsf

0.5 min

2 min

5 min

10 min

Beerc

5

210

1

98 ± 4

113 ± 13

44 ± 6

n.d.e

Ciderc

5.5

2529

4

428 ± 159

202 ± 72

70 ± 41

26 ± 7

Winec

13

474

3

315 ± 288

225 ± 117

115 ± 62

39 ± 30

Calvadosd

15g

411

2

93 ± 59

51 ± 16

27 ± 10

n.d.e

Sherryc

15

2583

3

291 ± 117

114 ± 77

68 ± 25

n.d.e

Vodkad

16g

n.d.

3

56 ± 11

59 ± 30

36 ± 27

n.d.e

Calvadosc

40

1095

2

194 ± 70

134 ± 5

91 ± 7

68 ± 37

Vodkad

40

n.d.

2

220 ± 185

125 ± 87

96 ± 81

83 ± 64

Vodkac

40

n.d.

10

116 ± 31

86 ± 61

67 ± 25

21 ± 21

Grape marc spiritd

40

11120

1

231 ± 137

41 ± 32

26 ± 12

32 ± 15

Grape marc spiritd

40

9444

2

554 ± 359

187 ± 116

46 ± 10

94 ± 100

Tequilac

40

530

1

143 ± 54

164 ± 35

131 ± 47

59 ± 18

Grape marc spiritc

41

15197

4

1074 ± 399

256 ± 117

90 ± 60

58 ± 39

Grape marc spiritd

41

15851

3

625 ± 231

243 ± 211

103 ± 71

86 ± 69

Cherry spiritc

43

8522

1

856 ± 17

337 ± 42

123 ± 25

41 ± 9

  1. a Salivary acetaldehyde before use was not detectable (< 20 μM) in all cases. Average and standard deviation of all assessors are shown (in the case of n = 1, the average and standard deviation of the two replications per assessor are shown).
  2. b Acetaldehyde directly contained in the alcoholic beverage as determined with GC analysis.
  3. c Enzymatic analysis of salivary acetaldehyde.
  4. d GC analysis of salivary acetaldehyde.
  5. e Not detectable (< 20 μM).
  6. f Two replications were conducted with each assessor on different days.
  7. g Dilution of a commercial product at 40% vol with distilled water