Figure 4

Effects of gemcitabine (G), sorafenib (So) and EMAP (E) treatment on cleavage of PARP-1 and caspase-3 proteins. A sub-confluent cell monolayer was treated with gemcitabine (10 μM), sorafenib (10 μM) and EMAP (10 μM). After 16 hours of incubation, total cell lysate was prepared and analyzed by immunoblotting for cleaved PARP-1, cleaved caspase-3 and α-tubulin (loading control) proteins. The intensity of bands was quantitated by densitometry and is represented as the bar graph for cleaved PARP-1 (open bar) and cleaved caspase-3 (closed bar) after normalizing against α-tubulin expression. Data are representative of two independent experiments with similar results.