Table 3 Safety of TAE

Loewe et al. 2003[7]

23 small-bowel NENs

75

Decreased body weight 1 (1%)

2 (8%)

Leg pain 1 (1%)

Gupta et al. 2003[18]

69 carcinoids

Carcinoids:

Serious adverse events 19 (15%)*

1 (1%)

54 PNENs

42 TAE/27 TACE

PNENs:

32 TAE/22 TACE

Carrasco et al. 1986[32]

25 carcinoids

25

- - -

2 (8%)

(23 evaluable)

Strosberg et al. 2006[36]

59 carcinoids

161

- - -

2 (2%)

20 PNENs

5 unspecified NENs

Hanssen et al. 1989[39]

19 carcinoids

7

- - -

- - -

(7 evaluable)

Wangberg et al. 1996[40]

64 carcinoids

40

- - -

Increased risk of cardiovascular deaths (not specified)

Eriksson et al. 1998[41]

29 carcinoids

55

Unspecified severe complications 6 (10%)

13 (31%)

12 PNENs

Brown et al. 1999[42]

21 carcinoids

63

Unspecified severe complications 11 (17%)

4 (6%)

14 PNENs

Chamberlain et al. 2000[43]

41 carcinoids

59

- - -

4 (6%)

26 non functional PNENs

18 functional PNENs

Ruutiainen et al. 2007[44]

67 unspecified NENs

23 TAE/44 TACE

Unspecified toxicity 34 (50%)*

(1) 1.4%*

(219 procedures)

Ho et al. 2007[45]

46 NENs

7 TAE/86 TACE

Unspecified complications 9 (10%)*

4 (4.3%)

(31 carcinoids; 15 PNEN)

Kamat et al. 2008[46]

60 unspecified NENs

33 TAE/27 TACE

Unspecified complications 21 (35%)*

12 (20%)

(123 procedures)

Pitt et al. 2008[47]

100 unspecified NENs

106TAE/123TACE

Liver abscesses, ileus, groin hematoma, hypotension 7 (13%) TAE hematoma, acute renal failure, and a biloma 3 (6%) TACE

3 (3%)*

Sward et al. 2009[48]

107 carcinoids

213

Liver abscess 4 (4%)

2 (2%)

Mild pancreatitis 1 (1%)

Accidental occlusions of the common hepatic artery 2 (2%)

Fiore et al. 2014[50]

12 PNENs

38 TAE/37 TACE

Post-embolization syndrome 6 (40%) TAE

0%

16 NENs ileum

Post-embolization syndrome 8 (60%) TACE

2 NENs colon