Table 1 Regulation of Snail1 expression

LOXL2/3

SNAG domain; K98 and K127

Notch/Lox

[17]

NF-κB

Promoter: -194 to -78 bp

TNFα, RANKL, PI3K/Akt

[20],[43],[44]

HIF-1α

Promoter: -750 to -643 bp

Hypoxic conditions

[19]

SMADs

Promoter: -631 to -506 bp

TGF-β1, Ras

[45],[46]

IKKα

Promoter: -631 to -506 bp (concurrent with SMADs)

TGF-β1, Ras, PI3K/Akt

[21],[44],[46]

HMGA2

Promoter: 2 regions within -131 to -92 bp

TGF-β1

[22]

YY1

3 Enhancer

NF-κB

[30]

Egr-1

Promoter: 4 sites between -450 and -50 bp

HGF, MAPK

[29]

PARP-1

Promoter: SIRE

ILK

[23]

Gli1

There are 4 candidate GLI binding sites (consensus sequence for binding: 5'-GACCACCCA-3')

Shh, Wnt

[26]

STAT3

Promoter

IL-6/JAK, HB-EGF/EGFR/MEK/ERK (mice)

[24],[25]

MTA3

Promoter

ER

[27],[28]

PAK1

S²⁴⁶

[36]

GSK-3β

Motif 1 (S⁹⁶, S¹⁰⁰, S¹⁰⁴) and Motif 2 (S¹⁰⁷, S¹¹¹, S¹¹⁵, S¹¹⁹)

Wnt, PI3K/Akt, FGF

[33],[34]

Snail1

Promoter: E box within SIRE

Binds to own promoter

[31]