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Fig. 4 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 4

From: Metformin can block precancerous progression to invasive tumors of bladder through inhibiting STAT3-mediated signaling pathways

Fig. 4

Metformin inactivated stat3-mediated signaling pathways in bladder cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. a-b The expression of STAT3 and pstat3 in vivo and in vitro with or without treatment with metformin were examined by western blot. c The expression of transcripts (top panel) and proteins (bottom panel) of STAT3 targeting genes in bladder cancer cell lines treated with or without metformin, including cyclinD1, Bcl-XL and Bcl2. Top panel: the transcripts assessed by qRT-PCR, bottom panel: the proteins detected by Western blot. d The expression and location of pstat3 in bladder cancer cell lines treated with or without metformin were evaluated by immunofluorescent microscopy. Scale bar represents 25 μm. e Construction of the T24/STAT3-KD bladder cancer cell line with the relative low level of phospholyrated STAT3 compared with normal control cell line T24/control. f T24/STAT3-KD and T24/control cells were treated with metformin (0, 10, 20, 40, or 60 mM) for 48 h. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK8. g T24/STAT3-KD and T24/control cells were treated with metformin for 24 h, and the abilities of migration and invasion were assessed by Transwell. Representative pictures of migration and invasion assays are shown in left panel and quantitative results are shown in right panels. Scale bars in the micrographs represent 100 μm. All data presented are expressed as mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments. **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05

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