Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic parameters for survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)

DDR1 (low vs.high)

0.613

0.439–0.857

0.004^a

0.643

0.457–0.904

0.011^a

Age (<65 vs. ≥65)

1.460

1.066–2.000

0.019^a

1.533

1.107–2.122

0.010^a

Gender (male vs. female)

0.765

0.552–1.058

0.105

Tumor location (head vs. body/tail)

0.999

0.713–1.399

0.996

Size (≤2 cm vs. >2 cm)

1.641

0.978–2.754

0.061

Tumor differentiation (well vs. moderate/poor)

2.125

0.938–4.813

0.071

T classification (T1 vs. T2 vs. T3 vs. T4)

1.104

0.871–1.400

0.412

AJCC stage (I vs. II vs. III vs. IV)

1.260

0.992–1.600

0.059

N classification (absent vs. present)

1.811

1.290–2.541

0.001^a

1.769

1.242–2.519

0.002^a

Liver metastasis (absent vs. present)

3.299

1.746–6.235

0.000^a

2.748

1.419–5.320

0.003^a

Vascular invasion (absent vs. present)

1.492

0.955–2.334

0.079