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Table 2 Summary of studies reporting assessment of KRAS molecular marker

From: Mutation status concordance between primary lesions and metastatic sites of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and the impact of mutation testing methodologies: a literature review

Reference Patient demographics: Description of matched pairs Synchronous/metachronous/metastases, n:n Molecular marker assessment technique Mutation frequency,c n/N (%) Concordance, n/N (%)
(i) Median age (range), years N Tumour sample storage form Primary Metastatic: n  
(ii) Gender, n/N (%) male Histological subtype: n Time between primary and metastatic tumour sample collection b
(iii) Ethnicity [countrya]  
(iv) Smoking status, n/N (%)
Assessment of KRAS molecular marker
 Alsdorf et al. [55] (i) N/A 19 FFPE Lung Lymph node N/A ARMS method with direct sequencing after enrichment of tumour cells by laser capture microdissection 19/19 (100) vs 19/19 (100) 19/19 (100)
(ii) N/A N/A
(iii) [Germany]
(iv) N/A
 Badalian et al. [57] (i) N/A (47–76) 11 FFPE Lung Bone N/A RFLP-PCR 3/11 (27) vs 3/11 (27) 7/11 (64)
(ii) 8/11 (72.7) N/A
(iii) [Hungary]
(iv) N/A
 Cortot et al. [3] (i) [Mean] 59.7 (39–73) 21 FFPE Lung Brain: 13 6:15 Direct sequencing and mutant-enriched PCR [Direct sequencing] [Direct sequencing]
(ii) 6/21 (28.6) ADC: 16 Lung: 4 N/A 3/21 (14) vs 4/21 (19) 15/21 (71)
(iii) [France] SSC: 2 Bone: 2 [Mutant-enriched PCR]
(iv) N/A LCC: 2 Soft tissue: 2 17/21 (81)
 Holst et al. [58] (i) [Mean] 55.7 (2–72) 10 N/A Lung Synchronous/metachronous intrathoracic metastases Numbers not specified Topographic genotyping and direct sequencing 6/10 (60) vs 6/10 (60) 10/10 (100)
(ii) Male:female ratio, 1:1   N/A
(iii) [USA]
(iv) 70 % of patients had a positive smoking history
 Li et al. [56] (i) 60 (36–80) 15 FFPE Lung Various N/A Oligodeoxy-nucleotide hybridisation of DNA amplified by PCR 5/15 (33) vs 5/15 (33) [present in multiple metastatic sites] 15/15 (100)
(ii) 13/15 (87) ADC: 6 [Concurrent]
(iii) [Spain] SSC: 4
(iv) Never-smoker: 1/15 (7); ever-smoker: 14/15 (93) SCC: 3
LCC: 2
  1. ADC Adenocarcinoma, ARMS Amplification‐refractory mutation system, DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, FFPE Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded, KRAS Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogenes homolog, LCC Large cell carcinoma, N/A Not available, PCR Polymerase chain reaction, RFLP-PCR Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction, SSC Squamous cell carcinoma
  2. aAs described in study (country from which samples were taken from)
  3. bConcurrent or non-concurrent if time not specified
  4. cPrimary vs metastatic tumour samples
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Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

ISSN: 1756-9966

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