Fig. 3

Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and metabolite analysis in HeLa cells expressing adenylate kinase 4 (AK4) or control short hairpin (sh)RNA. a Relative ATP level per cell. 10,000 cells were seeded in 96 wells, and measured 3 days after siRNA treatment. ATP level was normalized by cell number deduced from cyquant assay. *p < 0.05. b Flux analyzer OCR measurements were performed in triplicate in cells harboring AK4 shRNA or control shRNA before and after administration of oligomycin, carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), antimycin, and rotenone, as indicated. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. c OCR of AK4-overexpressing and control cells before and after administration of oligomycin, FCCP, antimycin, and rotenone, as indicated. d Representative metabolomics analysis of compounds involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Left: comparison of control vector (green) and AK4 overexpression (red). Right: comparison of control shRNA (green) and AK4 shRNA (blue). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01