Fig. 3

Loss of FGF19 expression enhances sorafenib-induced apoptosis associated with ROS. a–e The effect of FGF19 depletion on Sora-induced HCC cell apoptosis and ROS generation. MHCC97H cells expressing FGF19 shRNA (shFGF19) or control shRNA (shNC) were treated with 4 μM of Sora over a series of time points before analysis. Cell viability was determined by MTS assays (a); apoptosis was determined by DAPI staining (b) and Western blot of c-PRAP (c); ROS generation was determined by DCFH-DA staining (d); and O₂ ^•− generation was determined by electrochemical biosensor (e). In c, expression levels were normalized against actin and reported relative to controls (fold changes shown below each lane). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01