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Fig. 5 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 5

From: Ibrutinib, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exhibits antitumoral activity and induces autophagy in glioblastoma

Fig. 5

Inhibition of autophagy enhances the antitumor efficacy of ibrutinib in LN229 and U87 cells. (a) GBM cells were incubated with or without the autophagy inhibitor 3MA (2 mM) for 1 h, and then treated with various concentrations of ibrutinib for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK8 assay. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared with the control (no treatment). (b) The cells were treated with ibrutinib in the presence or absence of small interfering RNA (si-Atg7). Atg7 and LC3A/B levels were then determined by western blotting. (c) LN229 and U87 cells were treated with ibrutinib with or without a prior 24-h transfection with si-Atg7. CCK8 assay was then used to analyze cell viability; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (d) Flow cytometry analysis of cell death. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM. The experiments were performed in triplicate; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.01

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