Fig. 6

Curcumin mediated modulation of major events in breast carcinogenesis. Curcumin exerts its anticancer effect by modulating cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation, inducing apoptosis and senescence, inhibiting cancer spread and tumor angiogenesis, impeding tumor promoting inflammation and modulating bCSCs, tumor microenvironment, cancer immunity and miRNA. bCSC: breast cancer stem cells, miRNA: microRNA, NFκB: nuclear factor kappa B, MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinases, mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin, FeN1: Flap endonuclease 1, Nrf2: Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, Wnt/β-catenin: Wingless-Int/beta-catenin; IGF1: Insulin like growth factor1, CXCL: Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand, McTNs: microtentacles, VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor, RhoA: Ras homolog gene family, member A), ROCK: Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1), MMPs: Matrix metalloproteinase-1, bCAFs: breast cancer associated fibroblasts, JAK2/STAT3: Janus kinase 2/Signal transducer and activator of transcription3