Kindlin-2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis by increasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Table 2 Correlation Between Kindlin-2 Expression and Clinicopathological Characteristics of HCC in Cohort 1 and Cohort 2

Clinicopathological variables	Cohort 1					Cohort 2
	n	Kindlin-2 expression**		χ ²	P value	n	Kindlin-2 expression**		χ ²	P value
		High(103)	Low(24)				High(31)	Low(19)
Sex
Female	17	13	4			8	5	3
Male	110	90	20	0.273	0.602	42	26	16	0.001	0.975
Age, years
≤ 60	111	88	23			36	23	13
>60	16	15	1	1.896	0.169	14	8	6	0.191	0.662
Serum AFP, ng/ml
≤ 252	51	40	11			18	10	8
>252	76	63	13	0.394	0.530	32	21	11	0.486	0.486
HbsAg
Negative	14	12	2			8	4	4
Positive	113	91	22	0.217	0.642	42	27	15	0.570	0.450
Liver cirrhosis
Absence	23	19	4			14	10	4
Presence	104	84	20	0.041	0.839	36	21	15	0.719	0.396
Tumor number
Single	106	89	17			46	29	17
Multiple	21	14	7	3.394	0.065	4	2	2	0.260	0.610
Maximal tumor size, cm
≤ 3	10	6	4			7	3	4
>3	117	97	20	3.129	0.077	43	28	15	0.399	0.528
Edmondson-Steiner grade
I & II	11	10	1			19	11	8
III & IV	116	93	23	0.750	0.387	31	20	11	0.215	0.643
Tumor encapsulation
Absence	40	33	7			33	17	16
Presence	87	70	17	0.074	0.786	17	14	3	4.438	0.035
Microvascular invasion
Absence	66	49	17			21	9	12
Presence	61	54	7	4.186	0.041	29	22	7	5.519	0.019
Metastasis*
Absense	9	4	5			12	3	9
Intrahepatic presence	64	50	14	4.585	0.032	17	9	8	2.186	0.139
Extrahepatic Presence	51	47	4	4.196	0.041	21	19	2	6.646	0.010

*Three patients’ metastatic status is uncertain in cohort 1 due to their rejection to the imaging examination. ** Cases with IHC staining total score, which was obtained through intensity score multiplying by proportion score, of 4–12 were defined as Kindlin-2 high expression and those with total score of 0–3 as Kindlin-2 low expression
All entries in boldface have significance (P < 0.05)

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