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Fig. 7 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 7

From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: TGF-β2 initiates autophagy via Smad and non-Smad pathway to promote glioma cells’ invasion

Fig. 7

LY2157299 combined with CQ improved the outcome of glioma compared to treatment with only LY2157299 or CQ in vivo. a In vivo experiments show that the combination of LY2157299 (75 mg/kg/d) and CQ (25 mg/kg/d) had better capacity to inhibit glioma invasive behavior and proliferation monitored and measured by 3T MRI. b Tumor volume monitored by MRI and calculated, results showed that the combination group got the smallest tumor volume than single LY2157299 group and control group (Student’s t-test; Columns, means of triplicate assays. Bars, SD. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001). c Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test demonstrated the LY2157299/CQ group brought a longer survival time compared to LY2157299 group (P=0.02). d H&E staining of PBS, LY2157299 and LY2157299/CQ groups, and dual-drug treatment group showed a more sharp-edged and clear tumor borders as well as less tumor infiltrating and invasion (N, normal brain tissue; T, tumors in brain, scale bars, 100μm). e Immunochemistry (IHC) showed more LC3B and TGF-β2 positive cells in control groups and less LC3B positive cells in LY2157299 groups and the least TGF-β2 positive cells in dual-drug used groups (scale bars, 50μm). IRS model quantatively analyzed LC3B and TGF-β2 expression levels in IHC (Wilcoxon matched-pair test: Bars, SD. **, P < 0.01)

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