Fig. 1

MiR-32-5p induces multidrug-resistance in HCC. a Bel/5-FU is resistant to 5-FU, OXA, GEM and sorafenib, n = three independent experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by Student’s t-test. 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; OXA, oxaliplatin; GEM, gemcitabine. b Predicted miRs that have complementary binding sites to the 3’-UTR of PTEN through bioinformatics analysis (DIANA, miRDB, and miR org databases). c PTEN mRNA is lower expressed in Bel/5-FU. The PTEN level is normalized to the corresponding inner control GAPDH, and the PTEN/GAPDH in Bel7402 cells is set as 1.0-fold, n = three independent experiments, **p < 0.01 by Student’s t-test. d The expression of PTEN-related miRs in Bel/5-FU. The miRs levels are normalized to the corresponding inner control U6, and the miRs/U6 in Bel7402 cells is set as 1.0-fold, n = three independent experiments, **p < 0.01 by Student’s t-test; miR, microRNA. e The reversed expression pattern of miR-32-5p and PTEN in HCC cell lines, n = three independent experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA test