Fig. 4

Osteclastic marker release. ELISA assay of CTSK (a-c) and MMP9 (d-f) were carried out onRaw264.7 cell cultures treated with: (a, d) RANKL; (b, e) conditioned medium harvested from MDA-MB-231 cell line untreated (CM) or treated (LCM) with LIPUS;or (c, f) co-cultured with MDA-MB-231 cells untreated (Untreated_CC) or treated (LIPUS_CC) with LIPUS, (Mean ± SD, n = 3 replicates). Student t test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005). Effect sizes between RANKL and CTR: CTSK (a) d = 11.71 and MMP9 (d) d = 18.3 for RANKL vs. CTR