Fig. 4

AS-IV treatment inhibited AMPK signaling in the M2 polarization of macrophages. a Macrophages derived from THP-1 cells were stimulated with IL-4/IL-13 with or without AS-IV (80 nM) for 48 h. The levels of AMPKα and p-AMPKα as measured by western blot. b Macrophages derived from THP-1 cells were stimulated with IL-4/IL-13 with or without AS-IV (80 nM) for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h. AMPKα and p-AMPKα1 levels were measured by western blot. c The mRNA levels of AMPKα in macrophages were knocked down by siRNAs. d Macrophages were transiently transfected with siRNA 2 for 24 h, and AMPKα protein expression in transfected cells was analyzed by western blot. e siRNA2 blocked AMPKα expression. The percentage of CD206-positive macrophages was determined by flow cytometry. All experiments were repeated three times. Compared to M0, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, and n.s., no significance; compared to M2, ^##p < 0.01, ^#p < 0.05, and n.s., no significance