Fig. 5

Double deletion of Gdf2 and Bmp10 increases tumor growth and decreases tumor perfusion in the E0771 mammary cancer model. Tamoxifen was injected in all 3-week-old mice; 3 weeks later E0771 cells were injected and tumor growth was analyzed for 3 weeks. a, b BMP9 and BMP10 circulating levels in CTL and double-KO mice assessed by ELISAs at the end of the experiment. c Tumor growth was assessed by caliper measurement every 2 to 3 days after tumor detection (CTL n = 13, Double-KO n = 11, 2 experiments). d Vascular density quantified by podocalyxin surface area (% of tumor area) (CTL n = 9, Double-KO n = 12, 1 representative group out of 4) and (e) Quantification of vessel perfusion by lectin staining (% area of lectin/podocalyxin) (CTL n = 6, Double-KO n = 7, 1 representative group out of 4). a, b Data are the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: Mann-Whitney. c Data are the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: Two-way matched ANOVA. d, e Data are the median ± interquartile range. Statistical analysis: Mann-Whitney test. *p ≤ 0.05, and **p ≤ 0.01 significantly different