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Fig. 2 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 2

From: Rhein sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors by inhibiting STAT3 pathway

Fig. 2

Rhein inhibits interleukin 6 (IL6) induced activation of STAT3 in pancreatic cancer cells. a PANC-1 cells were treated with rhein for 24 h. For stimulation, cells were exposed to IL6 (20 ng/ml) for 15 min at the end of incubation period. The staining for phosphorylated STAT3 (P-STAT3) and nuclei is shown as green and blue fluorescence. Immunofluorescence was performed as described in materials and methods to analyze the expression levels of P-STAT3. Confocal microscopy representative of numerous randomly selected microscopic fields from at least 3 independent experiments are shown. b PANC-1 cells were treated with rhein for 24 h, followed by stimulation with IL6 (20 ng/ml) for 30 min, and the cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts were subjected to immunoblotting to detect the distribution of P-STAT3 and STAT3. Experiments were performed in triplicate and were independently repeated three times. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001,****p<0.0001

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