Fig. 1

Endogenous expression of ZRANB2 and effect of ZRANB2 on biological behaviors of glioma cells. a Protein levels of ZRANB2 in NBTs, low-grade human glioma tissues (LGGTs) and high-grade human glioma tissues (HGGTs). Representative protein expressions and corresponding IDVs of ZRANB2 in NBTs (n = 15), low-grade glioma (n = 15), and high-grade glioma (n = 15) are shown; data are presented as mean ± SD.^**P < 0.01 vs. NBTs group, ^##P < 0.01 vs. LGGTs group. b Protein levels of ZRANB2 in NHA, U87 and U251 cells. Representative protein expressions and corresponding IDVs of ZRANB2 in NHA, U87 and U251 are shown; data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3, each group). ^**P < 0.01 vs. NHA group. c Protein levels of MMP1, MMP9 and VE-Cadherin regulated by ZRANB2 in U87 and U251 cells. Representative protein expressions and corresponding IDVs of MMP1, MMP9, VE-Cadherin in U87 and U251 are shown; data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3, each group). ^*P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^**P < 0.01 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^#P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group, ^##P < 0.01 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group. d CCK-8 assay was used to measure the effect of proliferation on U87 and U251 cells by ZRANB2. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3, each group). ^*P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^#P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group. e Transwell assay was used to measure the effect of migration and invasion on U87 and U251 cells by ZRANB2. Representative images and corresponding statistical plots are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3, each group). ^*P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2 (−)-NC group, ^**P < 0.01 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^#P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group, ^##P < 0.01 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group. Scale bars indicate 50 μm. f Three-dimensional culture was used to measure the effect of VM on U87 and U251 cells by ZRANB2. Representative images and corresponding statistical plots are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3, each group). ^*P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^**P < 0.01 vs. ZRANB2(−)-NC group, ^#P < 0.05 vs. ZRANB2(+)-NC group. Scale bars indicate 50 μm