Fig. 4

Treatment with enzastaurin and ibrutinib synergistically inhibits migration and invasion in DLBCL. (a-b) HBL-1 cells pre-treated with 2 μM enzastaurin and/or 0.02 μM ibrutinib for 60 min (40 min) were subjected to the invasion (migration) assay using Corning chamber. Representative images of cell invaded (a) and migrated (b) to the lower chamber are shown. (c-d) Co-treatment therapy suppressed invasion and migration of HBL-1, TMD8, OCI-LY7 and SU-DHL-6 cells. Cells pre-treated with indicated concentrations of enzastaurin and/or ibrutinib for different time were placed on transwell to determine cell migration and on transwell with pre-coated Matrigel to determine cell invasion. After 48 h (24 h) of incubation, the cells that invaded (migrated) to the lower chamber were counted. The mean percentage of cells invaded (c) and migrated (d) are shown. Results are expressed as percentages of controls in mean ± SD, data are representative of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with control group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 compared with enzastaurin group