Fig. 6

Preclinical study using mouse model to confirm ATP increased RCC metastasis via P2RX6-Ca²⁺ −p-ERK1/2-MMP9 axis. a The experimental scheme. The tumor metastases in nude mice implanted with OS-RC-2 cells. The nude mice were divided into 4 groups: pWPI-vector + EtOH (Mock), OE-P2RX6 + EtOH, OE-P2RX6 + Verapamil, OE-P2RX6 + SCH772984. Mice were sacrificed after 8 weeks were assessed for metastasis. The IVIS image for monitoring tumor and metastasis. b Quantitative analysis for Fig. 6a. c Number of metastasis foci in each groups. d Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed to confirm the tumor type. e Representative IHC images and quantification of p-ERK1/2 and MMP9 expression on mice metastasis foci