Fig. 5

a MTT cell proliferation assays in human spheroids (A) or EPCAM+/CD45- cells (b), untreated or treated with selumetinib, atezolizumab, avelumab, or their combinations; (c) graphic flow cytometric analysis of IFNγ (left graph) or CD107A (right graph) produced by CD8+ TILs obtained from lung biopsies without treatments (CTR) or treated with selumetinib, atezolizumab or their combinations. One way ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s test were used for statistical analysis. * p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001