Fig. 2

6G suppresses the growth and metastasis, improves the tumor microenvironment and decreased MSE in vivo. a and (b) Representative tumors and in vivo bioluminescent images and tumor volume are shown. Each point represents the mean ± SD for different animal measurements (n = 10). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. 6G inhibited TCs proliferation with dose-dependent manner. c Mice weight of each groups. d Representative lung metastasis specimens were sectioned and stained with h&e in 6G-treated group and control group. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. (E) Representative images of the necrotic areas. 6G reduced the necrotic area. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. f MVD was not changed between 6G-treated and control groups. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. g Representative images, MSE and coefficients of variation of microvessels in 6G-treated and control group. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. (H) 6G-treated sections demonstrated weaker HIF1α, MMP2 and MMP9 expression than did untreated sections. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. i pH changes in the 6G-treated and untreated tumors. 6G increased the pH of the local tumor tissue and improved the microenvironment surrounding TCs. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. j MSE was correlated with pH, HIF1α, MMP2 and MMP9 in tumor. *, P < 0.05, **, P < 0.01, Student t test (k) and (l) Invasion analysis of 6G effect on primary tumor cells. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. 6G inhibited tumor malignancy. Results were obtained from three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate, and the error bars represent SD. Data are represented as the means ± SEM