Fig. 9

Schematic representation of macrophage-derived exosomal miR-501-3p in PDAC and the involvement of TGFBR3-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway. M2 macrophages deliver miR-501-3p through exosomes in PDAC cells, thereby down-regulating TGFBR3 expression, and ultimately accelerate the development of PDAC via the TGF-β signaling pathway, corresponding to enhanced PDAC cell invasion and migration