Fig. 1

Metformin inhibits cell proliferation via inducing G1 cell cycle arrest in BLCA cells. a. Cell viabilities of T24 and Sw780 cells were determined using MTS method when treated with metformin at different concentrations (5 mM, 10 mM and 20 mM) for at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. b. Colony formation assay was carried out to evaluate the proliferation abilities of T24 and Sw780 cells when challenged to metformin at different concentrations. c. The cellular apoptosis was analyzed with Flow Cytometry using Annexin V⁺ and PI⁺ staining in the T24 and Sw780 cells treated with/without metformin at 48 h. d. Western Blot method was used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax, cleaved Caspase 3 and 7. e. The cell cycle analysis was performed and compared with Flow Cytometry in T24 and Sw780 cells treated with/without metformin at 48 h. f. The key G1 phased related proteins, CCND1, CCNE1/2 CDK4/6, and CDK2 were detected by Western Blot. * means P < 0.05, ** means P < 0.01, *** stands for P < 0.005 and **** stands for P < 0.001, compared to the control group