Fig. 2

Cardamonin inhibits the HIF-1α pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells. a Luciferase report assay analyzed transactivational activity of HIF-1α in 293 T cells after 24 h treatment with cardamonin (20 and 40 μM). b qPCR analysis showed that treatment with cardamonin (20 μM) for 24 h reduced mRNA level of HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 cells under both normal and hypoxia conditions. c Cardamonin (20 μM) treatment reduced the protein expression of HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 cells under normal or hypoxic conditions. d qPCR results showed that treatment with cardamonin (20 μM) for 24 h reduced the mRNA levels of HIF-1α, PDHK1 and LDHA in MDA-MB-231 cells. e Treatment with cardamonin (10, 20 and 40 μM) for 24 h reduced the protein expression of HIF-1α, PDHK1 and LDHA in MDA-MB-231 cells. Data are shown as mean ± SD; *, P < 0.05, **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001, ns means no statistical difference, compared with control group. n ≥ 3