Fig. 2

Thal improves the maturity of vascular structure. a and b Immunostaining of tumor tissues for CD31 and scanning electron microscopy of vessels in control and treated groups from 4 T1 models (a) and CT26 models (b); quantification of the mature vessels is indicated (percentage of total vessels). Yellow arrows denote chaotically organized endothelial cell linings; white arrowheads indicate smooth thin endothelial linings. Bars: 20 μm (Immunostaining), 10 μm (Scanning electron microscopy). Quantitative data are represented as mean ± SD. All p values were calculated by one-way ANOVA analysis followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01