Fig. 1

IC₅₀ values of NT1721 and its effects on proliferation and cell cycle in PDAC cells. a Pancreatic cancer cell lines were treated with increasing concentrations of NT1721. The cell viability and IC₅₀ values were determined after 48 h. The IC₅₀ values represent the mean ± SD from three experiments. b Effect on normal pancreatic epithelial cells. PDAC cell lines, normal primary pancreatic epithelial cells and immortalized, non-tumorigenic pancreatic duct epithelial cells (HPDEC) were treated with 0.3% DMSO or NT1721 and the cell viability was determined after 48 h using untreated cells as control. c Proliferation inhibition. PDAC cells were stained with CSFE, treated with NT1721 and subjected to FACS analysis to determine the mean fluorescence intensity after 24, 48 or 72 h. The data were normalized to the control. The values represent the mean ± SD from three experiments. d Cell cycle analysis. The cells were treated with NT1721, stained with PI after 24 h and analyzed by FACS. The symbols (1* - 6*) indicate statistically significant differences compared to the control with p values of 0.0005, 0.0015, 0.015, 0.0022, 0.0054 and 0.0388, respectively. The values represent the mean ± SD from four experiments