Fig. 5

Metformin decreased cell growth, migration, invasion and EMT by regulating miR-381/YAP activity. A549 cells were treated with Metformin or co-treated with Metformin and miR-381 inhibitors or YAP, respectively. a The RNA levels of miR-381 and YAP were analyzed by qPCR. b, c The cellular growth (b) and viability (c) were analyzed by CCK8 assay. d Ki67 positive cells were analyzed by the immunofluorescent staining assay. e Colony formation ability was analyzed by colony formation assay. f Cellular migration growth was analyzed by scratch assay. g The cellular invasion growth was analyzed by transwell assay. h The protein level of Caspase 3 Cleaved (Caspase 3-Cl) was analyzed by immunoblotting. i, j The expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin were analyzed by RT-PCR, western blot, qPCR (i) and immunofluorescent staining (j) assays. Results were presented as mean ± SD, and the error bars represent the SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 or **P < 0.01 indicates a significant difference between the indicated groups (two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t-test or one-way analysis of variance)