Table 1 CTC and Spatial heterogeneity

Breast Cancer

Possible escape mechanism to endocrine therapy due to high percentage of ER negative CTC

[20]

Discordance in HER2 status between primary and metastatic status influencing response to anticancer treatment

[21]

Prostate Cancer

AR signaling modification upon hormonal treatments influences outcomes

[22]

Wnt activation leading to hormonal treatment failure

[23]

CTC heterogeneity as indicator for first line treatment

[24]

AR-V7 nuclear expression predicts better response to chemotherapy compared to AR signaling inhibitors

[25]

Colorectal Cancer

50% concordance in KRAS status between primary tumor and CTC as surrogate of spatial heterogeneity

[26]

Differential phenotype of CTC from right and left side may explain different metastasization patterns

[27]

Hepatocellular Cancer

EMT of CTC relates with metastasization process

[28]