Fig. 4From: Description of CRISPR/Cas9 development and its prospect in hepatocellular carcinoma treatmentMechanism of dCas9 and single-base editing technology. a Inactive Cas9 domains make dCas9 only recognize and combine with target sequence without break of DNA strand. With the help of active or inhibitory domain, dCas9 increases or decreases the transcription level. b The evolution of dCas9 make single base editing possible. Cytidine deaminase exchanges cytosine to uracil and achieves single base editing during DNA replication. Abbreviations: sgRNA, single strand RNA; PAMs, protospacer adjacent motifs; dCas9, dead Cas9 proteinBack to article page