Fig. 6

Mutation of VHL is involved in the upregulation of SALL4 in ccRCC. a The permutation test analysis of SALL4 expression between driver mutated (red) and non-mutated (gray) ccRCC samples from TCGA database. b Relative VHL expression in normal kidney and ccRCC tissues. c Differential expression of VHL in 408 paired tissues from ccRCC patients. Data (b, c) were acquired from TCGA Renal 2 dataset via Oncomine database. d-f Analysis of SALL4 expression in association with VHL mutation (d), deletion (e) and methylation (f) status in ccRCC patients from Beroukhim Renal 2 dataset via Oncomine database. g-j Functional impact of VHL site mutations on SALL4 gene expression in ccRCC patients from TCGA database. Data were analyzed via LinkedOmics bioinformatics. FC, fold change; WT, wild type