The application of histone deacetylases inhibitors in glioblastoma

Table 1 Major histone acetyltransferase families

HAT Families	Family members	HAT domain motifs^a	Function domains^b	HAT reaction mechanism^c
GNAT	Gcn5	C-D-A-B	AT domains bromodomains	kinetic mechanism
	PCAF
	Elp3
	Hat1
	Hpa2
	Nut1
MYST	MOZ	A	AT domains	ping-pong catalytic mechanism
	Ybf2 (Sas3)		plant homeo domains
	Sas2		zinc finger domains
	Tip60		chromodomains
p300/CBP	p300	E-D-A-B	zinc finger region	Theorell–Chance mechanism
	p300		(cys, ZZ and TAZ domain)
	CBP		HAT domains
	CBP		Bromodomains

^aHAT domain motifs, the relative positions of conserved sequence motifs in the three HAT families GNAT, MYST, and p300/CBP [22,23,24]. Motif A is the most highly conserved motif, which contains an Arg/Gln-X-X-Gly-X-Gly/Ala sequence that is important for acetyl-CoA recognition and binding [18];
^bFunction domains, the function domains for the GNAT, MYST and p300/CBP families of HATs. AT(acetyltransferase) domains, transfer acetyl groups from acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) onto histone acceptors;
Bromodomains; an acetyl-lysine binding domain [21, 25, 26];
Zinc finger domains and chromodomains; protein:protein interaction domains that are often found in heterochromatin-associated proteins [27];
Plant homeo domains, a common structural motif found in all eukaryotic genomes in the nucleus. It is a Zn²⁺-binding domain involved in nucleosome/histone binding [28, 29];
^cHAT reaction mechanism, see text for details.

ISSN: 1756-9966