Fig. 4

FadA regulates E-cadherin, β-catenin, and chk2 expression in CRC cells. a Expression of chk2 in HCT116 and HT29 cells after treatment with WT or FadA−/− Fusobacterium nucleatum (MOI: 1000) for different time periods. b Protein expression of FadA, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and chk2 in HCT116 and HT29 cells treated with WT or FadA−/− Fusobacterium nucleatum (MOI: 1000) for 2 h. c Protein expression of FadA, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and chk2 in HCT116 and HT29 cells treated with genistein for 1 h and then with WT or FadA−/− Fusobacterium nucleatum (MOI: 1000) for 2 h. PTK inhibitor genistein inhibits all FadAc-activated functions. d Protein expression of FadA, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and chk2 in β-catenin-knockdown HCT116 and HT29 cells treated with WT or FadA−/− Fusobacterium nucleatum (MOI: 1000) for 2 h. e β-catenin nucleation and chk2 expression in HCT116 cells after different treatments determined by a confocal microscopy (400 ×). * p < 0.05 or ** p < 0.01 vs. WT Fusobacterium nucleatum. Data are expressed as mean ± s.d. and n.d. stands for no data. Data comparison at different time points was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for data that were not normally distributed