Fig. 7

K222-succinylated LDHA is associated with poor prognosis in patients with GC, and succinylation-mimetic LDHA K222E mutant enhances cancer cell invasion and migration. a The proportion of LDHA with high K222 succinylation is higher in female than in male patients with GC. b-f Kaplan–Meier analysis of OS of patients with GC according to LDHA K222suc expression in all patients (b), patients with pathological grade III-IV tumors (c), patients with T3-T4 stage tumors (d), patients with clinical stage III-IV tumors (e), and patients with N2-N3 stage tumors (f). g Stable overexpression of Flag-LDHA, Flag-K222R, or Flag-K222E mutant was determined by western blot in AGS cells. h Wound-healing assay showed increased ability to migrate in AGS cells expressing Flag-K222E. i and j The transwell (i) and Plate colony formation assays (j) were performed to assess the invasion and proliferation of AGS cells. k Mouse model of B16-F10 lung metastasis, visible as black dots on the surface of lungs from three groups. l Succinylation mimetic LDHA K222E mutant facilitates tumor growth. AGS cells stably overexpressing Flag-LDHA, Flag-K222R, or Flag-K222E were injected subcutaneously in nude mice. Final tumors from two independent experiments were photographed, and tumor volumes were measured. m Analysis of the protein levels of LDHA in the subcutaneous xenografts from AGS cells in nude mice by western blot. n The lactate levels in the subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice from three groups. Date are presented as mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001