Fig. 5

Effects of combinatorial treatments on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Shown are images from one representative tumor sample for each treatment group stained for H&E (a) and immunostained with anti-CD8 (b), anti-GRZB (c) and anti-FoxP3 (d) antibodies. Magnification 40 ×, scale bar = 50 μm. e CD8+, GRZB+ and FoxP3+ cell counts in the tumors of anti-mPD-L1, PDGFRβ aptamer and PDGFRβ aptamer plus anti-mPD-L1 groups expressed relative to cell counts in Ctrl-tumors. f RNA extracted from recovered tumors was analyzed by RT-qPCR for the IL-2 and INF-γ genes and mRNA relative expression was reported. Bars depict mean ± SD (n = 4). e-f ^*** P < 0.001; ^** P < 0.01, ^* P < 0.05; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test