Biomarker | Reference | Treatment | Disease | Origin | Levels during treatment | Significant association with OM |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TNF-α | [123] | RT | HNC | Saliva | High | No |
 | [124] | RT | HNC | Cytologic smears from oral cavity | High | Association with OM development |
 | [125] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | Low | No |
 | [126] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | Low | No |
IL-1 | [125] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | No change | No |
 | [126] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | No change | No |
IL-1β | [124] | RT | HNC | Cytologic smears from oral cavity | High | Association with OM development |
IL-6 | [123] | RT | HNC | Saliva | High | Association with OM severity |
 | [125] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | High | Association with OM severity |
IL-8 | [123] | RT | HNC | Saliva | High | No |
 | [125] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | High | No |
IL-10 | [123] | RT | HNC | Saliva | High | Association with OM severity |
 | [125] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Serum | No change | No |
TGF-β | RT + CT | HNC | Plasma | High | Association with OM severity | |
EGF | RT | HNC | Saliva | Low | Association with OM development | |
 | [131] | RT | HNC | Saliva | Low | Association with OM development |
CRP | [132] | RT | HNC | Blood | High | Association with OM severity |
 | [133] | RT | HNC | Blood | High | Not assessed |
 | [134] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Blood | High | Not assessed |
 | [135] | RT + CT | HNC | Blood | High | Association with OM severity only at initial week |
ESR | [132] | RT | HNC | Blood | High | No |
 | [134] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Blood | High | Not assessed |
 | [135] | RT + CT | HNC | Blood | High | No |
GSH | [136] | RT | Oral cavity cancer | Plasma | Measured before RT | GSH baseline levels associate with OM development |
 | [137] | RT | HNC | Plasma | No change | No |
DNA DSB (γ-H2AX) | [138] | RT | HNC | Peripheral blood lymphocytes | High | Association with OM severity |
 | [139] | RT, RT + CT | HNC | Peripheral blood lymphocytes | High | No |