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Fig. 9 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 9

From: Nicotinamide inhibits melanoma in vitro and in vivo

Fig. 9

NAM treatment induces an anti-tumor immune response and cytokine/chemokine modulation. C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with B16-F10 tumor cells and treated every day with NAM (1800 mg/Kg) as in Fig. 8. a: The frequency of interferon (IFN)-γ producing cells in the blood of mice treated with saline (ctr) or with NAM was analyzed 14 days after tumor implant. Blood was collected by individual mice (n = 6) and IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was conducted to evaluate the response against irradiated (20 Gy) B16-F10 cells. Medium or concanavalin A (ConA) (5 μg/ml) were used as negative and positive control, respectively. Data represent the mean (± S.E.) of 6 individual mice tested in triplicate. P-values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. b: NAM treatment significantly modulates the protein levels of cytokines and chemokines in the plasma of tumor-bearing mice. The protein level of 23 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors was analyzed by Bio-Plex cytokine assay in saline- (white boxplot) or NAM-treated (grey boxplot) mice. The boxplots contain median values (horizontal line), interquartile range (the box length), highest and smallest values (whiskers) of the plasma concentration (pg/ml) of the indicated cytokine or chemokine measured in 6 individual mice per group. P values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples

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