From: Novel insights into extrachromosomal DNA: redefining the onco-drivers of tumor progression
Cancer | Oncogene amplification via ecDNA | The connection between ecDNA and tumorigenesis | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Neuroblastoma | MYCN | ecDNA remodels the chromosomal genome and affects chromosomal gene expression, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors | [64] |
Glioblastoma | MYC, EGFR, PDGFRα, ERBB2, CDK4, MDM2 | The oncogenes residing on ecDNA are dynamically regulated to evade therapy | |
Colon cancer | DHFR | Tumor cells upregulate DHFR amplification via ecDNA to develop drug resistance | |
Ovarian cancer | MYCN, EIF5AR | The noncoding regions of ecDNA may regulate gene expression | [69] |
Breast cancer | HER2 | Dynamic regulation of oncogenes residing on ecDNA is not supported by HER2 | [70] |