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Fig. 5 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 5

From: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) synergistically enhances the therapeutic effect of targeted therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Fig. 5

Effects of the microenvironment on AA-induced apoptosis in CLL B-cells. a: CLL cells were co-cultured for 6 h with MSCs prior to AA treatment (250 μM). After 24 h of AA treatment, CLL cells were collected and analyzed for cell viability by an annexin V/7AAD staining (**: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001; n = 12). b: Effects of AA on cell viability in the presence of CD40L + IL-4, CpG or anti-IgM (*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 vs. Ctrl; n = 7). c: CLL B-cell viability in the presence or in absence of a combination of cytokines after 24 h of treatment with 250 μM AA (*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001 vs. vehicle; n = 6). d: Effects of 250 μM AA on the viability of CLL B-cells cultured in the presence of autologous patient serum (10%) or 10% FBS (Ctrl) (*: p < 0.05; ***: p < 0.001 vs. Ctrl; n = 10). e: Effects of increased concentrations of AA on the viability of CLL B-cells cultured in the presence of 10% autologous serum (*: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001 vs. Ctrl; n = 5). f: OSU-CLL cells were pre-treated for 24 h with CoCl2 (100 μM) then incubated with different concentrations of AA. Upper panel: Western blot analysis showing HIF-1α levels under normoxia and CoCl2-induced hypoxia conditions. Lower Panel: Effect of AA on cell viability was assessed by the CellTiter-Glo cell viability assay (**: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001; n = 3 in duplicate). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM

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