Gallbladder cancer-associated fibroblasts promote vasculogenic mimicry formation and tumor growth in gallbladder cancer via upregulating the expression of NOX4, a poor prognosis factor, through IL-6-JAK-STAT3 signal pathway

Table 3 Cox model analysis of influencing factors of survival prognosis in patients with gallbladder cancer

Variable	Single factor			Multiple factors
Variable	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Gender
Male vs. female	0.972	0.609–1.554	0.907
Age (y)
> 65 vs. ≤65	0.808	0.517–1.262	0.348
Tumor site
Bottom vs. neck etc.	0.755	0.481–1.184	0.221
Tumor size (cm)
> 3.0 vs. ≤3.0	1.434	0.909–2.262	0.121
Histological types
Adenocarcinoma vs. others ^b	0.255	0.106–0.613	0.002^a
Differentiation degree
High vs. medium/low	0.243	0.114–0.514	0.000^a	0.437	0.196–0.975	0.039 ^a
Nevin staging
III ~ V vs. I ~ II	2.482	1.227–5.021	0.011^a
Liver invasion
(+) vs. (−)	2.075	1.294–3.327	0.002^a	1.949	1.187–3.201	0.012 ^a
Vascular invasion
(+) vs. (−)	3.235	1.911–5.475	0.000^a	2.569	1.486–4.444	0.003 ^a
Lymph node metastasis
(+) vs. (−)	1.708	1.057–2.762	0.029^a
Resection method
R1, R2 vs. R0	0.413	1.672–5.041	0.000^a
NOX4 expression in cancer cells
High vs. low	1.985	1.484–3.592	0.005^a
NOX 4 expression in stroma cells
High vs. low	1.628	1.389–3.329	0.035^a	1.767	1.062–3.942	0.022 ^a

^aP < 0.05, statistically significant; ^badenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma; HR, Hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval

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