Table 3 APA factors in cancer
From: Alternative polyadenylation: methods, mechanism, function, and role in cancer
Factor | Subcellular location | Function | Biological Function | Related major cancer types | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CIRP | Nucleoplasm | Stabilizes transcripts of genes involved in cell survival and regulates the translational processing machinery. | Stress response | Renal cancer, endometrial cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer | |
NUDT21 | Nuclear bodies and additionally in the centriolar satellite | Activates mRNA-processing by binding to 5′-UGUA-3′ elements located upstream of poly(A) signals and regulates gene expression in somatic cell fate through APA machinery. | Differentiation, mRNA processing | Liver cancer, bladder cancer, glioblastomas | |
PABPN1 | Nucleoplasm and additionally in nuclear speckles | Modulates the usage of poly(A) sites and controls the poly(A) tail length. | mRNA processing | Pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, renal cancer | |
hnRNPC | Nucleoplasm | Regulates the stability and translation level of mRNA. | mRNA processing, mRNA splicing | Ovarian cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, renal cancer | |
RBBP6 | Nuclear speckles | Regulates DNA-replication and interacts with the p53/TP53-MDM2 complex as a scaffold. | DNA damage, DNA replication, Ubl conjugation pathway | Colorectal cancer, cervical carcinoma, myeloproliferative neoplasms | |
CSTF2 | Nucleoplasm and additionally in nuclear bodies | Involved in the 3’end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. | mRNA processing | Liver cancer, renal cancer | |
PCF11 | Nucleoplasm and additionally in mitochondria | Involved in the degradation of the 3′ product of poly(A) site cleavage and Pol II transcription termination | mRNA processing | Urothelial cancer, head and neck cancer | |
U1 snRNP | Nucleoplasm | Regulates the usage of poly(A) sites and controls the poly(A) tail length. | Ribonucleoprotein, RNA-binding | Pancreatic cancer, urothelial cancer, renal cancer |