Fig. 4

TRIP13 was required for HMGA1-induced pCCA progression. a,b CCK8 assay (a) and colony formation assay (b) showed that TRIP13 knockdown attenuated the proliferation induced by HMGA1 overexpression. c Stable QBC-939 cells with/without HMGA1 overexpression and TIRP13 knockdown were injected subcutaneously for xenografts. d TIRP13 knockdown significantly decreased the volume and weight of xenografts. e,f TIRP13 knockdown attenuated cell ability of migration(e) and invasion(f) of pCCA cells. g TRIP13 is required in HMGA1-induced metastasis. Up: metastasis of stable QBC-939 cells with TIRP13 knockdown and/or HMGA1 overexpression to the liver, as verified by HE staining. The mouse metastasis model was established by tail vein injection of stable cells. Scale bar: 50 μm. h numbers of metastatic lesions on the surface of the liver. i 7-day sphere formation assays were performed to evaluated the effects of TRIP13 on HMGA1-induced pCCA stemness. j EMT biomarkers were detected to evaluate the effects of TRIP13 on HMGA1-induced pCCA EMT. n.s. represents not significant. *, ** and *** represents P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, analyzed with one-way ANOVA(a,d) or T-test (b,e,f,i,h,j). Analyzed data were from three independent experiments, and each subgroup was performed at least in triplicate (a,b, e,f,i,j)