Fig. 6

NORAD promoted the production of ATP in EVs

a, Determination of ATP production in EVs, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. PC-3 cells treated with sh-NC or 22Rv1 cells treated with vector. b, The internalization of EVs was observed with a fluorescent microscope after PKH67-labeled EVs were treated with V-ATPase inhibitors (× 400; PKH67, green; DAPI, blue). c, ATP production in EVs was measured, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.05 vs. PC-3 cells treated with sh-NC + inhibitor NC or 22Rv1 cells treated with vector + mimic NC; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.05 vs. PC-3 cells treated with sh-NORAD + inhibitor NC or 22Rv1 cells treated with OE-NORAD + mimic NC. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Unpaired t-test was used for other two groups; ANOVA was used for comparison between multiple groups with Tukey’s post-hoc test. The cell experiment was repeated 3 times