Fig. 5

ASS1 controls cell fate through upregulation of CHOP in HCC a Expression of ER stress-related proteins; PERK, ATF6, IRE1a, CHOP, ATF3 XBP1s and XBP1u in pCMV3 or ASS1-flag-transfected Huh7 and SNU475 cells. b Expression of apoptosis-related proteins; PARP and caspase 3 active forms and ER stress related proteins; CHOP and GRP78 in Huh7 and SNU475 cells after treatment with TG. Cell viability analysis of TG treatment in c pCMV3 or ASS1-flag transfected SNU475 cells and d siRNA against ASS1 transfected Hep3B cells. e The colony formation assay and f The expression of apoptosis related proteins in Huh7 and SNU475 cells transfected with either non-specific control siRNA (siCont.) or CHOP siRNA (siCHOP) in ASS1 overexpressed Huh7 and SNU475 cells. g Expression of ASS1 and CHOP in ASS1 overexpressed Huh7 cell transfected with non-specific siRNA (siCont.) or ASS1 siRNA (siASS1) by western blot assay. h The correlation expression levels between ASS1 and CHOP in tumor tissues from HCC patients. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of ASS1 and CHOP in i Tumor tissues from patients with liver cancer and j Huh7 cells. k Co-immunoprecipitation (IP) assay of Huh7 cells transfected with ASS1-Flag. The samples were analyzed by immunoblotting with an anti-PERK, ATF4, and CHOP. *P < 0.05 compared to siControl group