From: Heterogeneity of BCSCs contributes to the metastatic organotropism of breast cancer
Heterogeneity | Biological characteristics | Genetic characteristics | |
---|---|---|---|
Biomarker status | CD24- CD44+ BCSCs | Tumor invasive edge; Highly invasive; [10] Great tumor-initiating capacity:100 cells [11] | Over-expressed genes:IGFBP1, ST8SIA2, PLD5, SCG5, MYOT; KEGG enrichment:focal adhesion, PI3K-AKT signaling [12] |
ALDH+ BCSCs | Center of tumor; Highly proliferative; [10] Great tumor-initiating capacity:500 cells [13] | Over-expressed genes:WNT2,IGF1,DLL1; KEGG enrichment:ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome; [12] Mutation:BRCA1 mutation [14] | |
CD24- CD44+ & ALDH+ BCSCs | The greatest tumor-initiating capacity:20 cells [13] | - | |
Epithelial/ mesenchymal status | Epithelial-like BCSCs | Resemble luminal stem cells of normal mammary gland; Identified by ALDH+; Highly proliferative; Mediate colonization of metastatic foci [10] | Up-regulated MET-related genes:CDH1, OCLN, CLDN [15] |
Mesenchymal-like BCSCs | Resemble basal stem cells of normal mammary gland; Identified by CD24- CD44+; Highly invasive; Mediate tumor invasion into blood circulation [10] | Up-regulated EMT-related genes:VIM, ZEB1, ZEB2 [15] |