Aminoglycosides [71]
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PTC readthrough
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Toxic at clinical active concentrations
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Caffeine [72]
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SMG1 inhibition
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Toxicity, highly aspecific by targeting several kinases
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NMDI-1 [73, 74]
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Stabilization of the phosphorylated form of UPF1
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No side effects in mice
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5-azacytidine [75]
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Non identified, but c-MYC-mediated
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Already approved for the treatment of diverse malignancies
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Amlexanox [76]
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Inhibits NMD at a late stage
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Clinically approved for aphthous ulcers
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NMDI14 [77]
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Disrupts the SMG7–UPF1 complex
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Negligible toxicity in cell-based assays
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